Base Layer Buying Guide

What are base layers?

Base layers, also known as first layers or wicking layers, are the foundation of a layered clothing system designed to provide comfort, insulation, and moisture management in various activities and climates. Typically worn next to the skin, base layers are made from specialised fabrics that excel at wicking away moisture, regulating body temperature, and providing a snug fit. These garments act as a second skin, trapping a thin layer of warm air close to the body while efficiently moving sweat away from the skin to keep the wearer dry and comfortable. Base layers come in different weights and materials, ranging from lightweight options suitable for high-intensity activities to heavier options for extreme cold conditions. They are widely used in outdoor adventures, sports, and everyday activities where maintaining the right body temperature is crucial for performance, comfort, and overall well-being.

Are base layers and thermals the same?

Base layers and thermals are often used interchangeably, but there are subtle differences between the two. While both serve a similar purpose of providing insulation and moisture management, the term "base layers" is a broader category that encompasses a variety of clothing options worn as the innermost layer. Base layers can include not only thermal garments but also moisture-wicking shirts, leggings, or even lightweight performance tops. On the other hand, "thermals" specifically refer to garments designed to provide warmth and insulation in cold weather conditions. They are typically thicker, heavier, and made from materials like wool or synthetic fabrics with thermal properties. In essence, thermals can be considered a specific type of base layer, but not all base layers are necessarily thermals.

When should base layers be worn?

Base layers should be worn in situations where temperature regulation, moisture management, and comfort are important. They are particularly beneficial in outdoor activities, such as hiking, skiing, camping, or running, where the body is exposed to varying weather conditions. Base layers are designed to be worn closest to the skin, acting as a foundation for a layered clothing system. They provide an additional insulation layer, wick away sweat from the body, and help maintain a consistent body temperature. Base layers are especially useful in cold weather conditions, as they trap a thin layer of warm air close to the body, keeping the wearer comfortable and reducing the risk of hypothermia. However, base layers can also be worn in moderate temperatures or during high-intensity activities to manage moisture and enhance overall performance and comfort.

Should base layers be worn tight?

Base layers are generally recommended to be worn snug or close-fitting to the body, but not excessively tight. The purpose of a close fit is to maximize the fabric's ability to effectively wick away moisture from the skin and provide efficient insulation. A snug fit allows the base layer to efficiently trap a thin layer of warm air next to the body while preventing excess fabric from causing discomfort or hindering movement. However, it is important to strike a balance and avoid overly tight base layers that restrict circulation or impede mobility. A comfortable fit ensures proper functionality while allowing for freedom of movement and optimal comfort during various activities. It is advisable to choose base layers that provide a snug fit without feeling restrictive or constrictive.

What temperature should you wear a base layer?

The temperature at which you should wear a base layer depends on various factors, including personal preference, activity level, and the overall weather conditions. Generally, base layers are beneficial in colder temperatures when additional insulation and moisture management are needed. Base layers can provide warmth and comfort in temperatures ranging from mild to extremely cold. In moderate temperatures, a lightweight or medium-weight base layer can be worn to regulate body temperature and manage moisture during physical activities. As the temperature drops, a heavier weight or thermal base layer becomes more suitable to provide enhanced insulation. It's important to consider your specific activity and the potential for wind or precipitation, as these factors can impact the effective temperature range of your base layer. Ultimately, it is advisable to adjust your base layer thickness and layering system according to the specific temperature conditions to ensure optimal comfort and performance.

Can you wear two base layers together?

If you find that a single base layer is not providing enough warmth, it's generally more effective to add an insulating mid layer rather than doubling up on base layers. This way, you maintain the moisture-wicking properties of the base layer while adding additional warmth with the insulating mid layer.

That being said, in some situations doubling up on base layers may be beneficial. In high activity sports where bulky thermals may be a hinderance, wearing two base layers to start off with  

Always consider the specific conditions and activities you'll be engaging in when choosing your layering system, and make adjustments based on your comfort and the weather conditions.

How do you wash a base layer?